Indicator of housing affordability in Malaysia

There are many indicator of housing affordability in Malaysia such as household income, household expenditure, house prices and others. If the income is adequate to pay for a house and other household expenditure, then the individual concerned can be described as having home affordability. The objective of this paper is to discuss the indicator of housing affordability in Malaysia and variables that affect housing affordability amongst the lowincome group in Malaysia. From the experience of developed countries, the indicators of housing affordability in Malaysia that affecting housing affordability are mainly house price and housing finance. The finding of this paper conducted on low-cost housing at Kuala Lumpur is there are two main indicator affecting housing affordability i.e. household income and household expenditure. In conclusion, the understanding of indicator of housing affordability in Malaysia are important as input to improve our housing policy

Assessment of waterproofing failures in concrete buildings and structures

This paper focuses on waterproofing failures in concrete buildings and structures.The objectives of this paper are three folds; (1) to determine the main factors that contribute to waterproofing failures in concrete buildings and structures (2) to discover different types of present waterproofing system applied for concrete buildings and structures (3) to propose remedial waterproofing solutions of concrete buildings and structures. There are 4 case studies were carried out at Cyberjaya, Malacca, Kuala Lumpur and Seremban.Each of them consist of different type of building namely SOHO (small office), Commercial building, Hotel Building and shopping mall.The results obtained shows that the main factors that contribute to waterproofing failures in concrete buildings and structure are cracks, deteriorated waterproofing system, honeycombs in concrete and construction joint failure.At the moment there are few types of present waterproofing system applied for concrete buildings and structures such as cementitious system, sheet membrane system and liquid system.Remedial waterproofing solutions of concrete building structures includes cleaning, removing old sealant or joint, injecting appropriate epoxy or chemical grout and applying a new layer of waterproofing system

Investigation of rising damp and salt attack problems of heritage buildings

Conservation is a new issue in Malaysia as compared to other countries.Conservation is a more challenging task which requires a deep understanding of the structure of the buildings and the problems of the buildings. A proper dilapidation is a must before conservation work takes action to ensure that appropriate action is being taken.Salt contamination and rising dampness, which are the interrelated problem, are the most common problem among the rest due to the geographic location of Penang Island as it surrounded by sea water.Moreover, salt contamination and rising dampness are also considered as the most challenging problem.In this paper, five inheritance buildings that have salt contamination and dampness problem are chosen as the case study.Dilapidation survey is done and salt contamination sample collected from the case studies is sent to laboratory for X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) test to determine the salt content of the sample.The finding of this study can be used for reference before the conservation works take place and it could improve the effectiveness and outcome of the outcome of the building from the conservation works

A Study on the Influence of Oil Palm Trunk Fiber on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) and Shrinkage of Foamcrete

Presently there is increasing attention in utilization foamcrete as a lightweight non-structural and semi-structural element in buildings to take advantage of its excellent insulation properties. Though, foamcrete has been noticed to have some disadvantages: considerable brittleness; results in low compressive and flexural strength, poor fracture toughness, poor resistance to crack propagation and low impact strength. Hence this study is intended to look into the potential of oil palm trunk (OPT) fiber in enhancing the engineering properties of foamcrete. There are 2 engineering properties will be focused in this study which are ultrasonic pulse velocity and drying shrinkage. Two densities of foamcrete of 600 kg/m3, 1200 kg/m3 were cast and tested. The ratio of cement, sand and water used in this study was 1:1.5:0.45. OPT fibers were used as additives at 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60% by volume of the total mix. Test results indicated that the engineering properties of foamcrete reinforced with OPT fiber had amplified thoroughly

Effect of steel fibre volume fraction on thermal performance of lightweight foamed mortar (LFM) at ambient temperature

Lightweight foamed mortar (LFM) has grow into utmost commercial building material in the construction industry for non-structural and semi-structural applications owing to its reduced self-weight, flowability, stability and excellent thermal insulation properties. Hence, this study was conducted with the aims to develop an alternative for conventional concrete bricks and blocks for non-structural and semi-structural applications of masonry. Lightweight foamed mortar (LFM) is either a cement paste or mortar, relegated as lightweight concrete, in which suitable foaming agent entraps the air-voids in mortar. It therefore has a wide range of applications such as material for wall blocks or panels, floor & roof screeds, trench reinstatement, road foundations and voids filling. This research focuses on experimental investigation of thermal properties of LFM with inclusion of relatively low volume fraction (0.2% and 0.4%) of steel fibre at ambient temperature. There are three parameters will be scrutinized such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity as well as the specific heat capacity. There are two densities of 600kg/m3 and 1200kg/m3 had been cast and tested. The mix design proportion of LFM used for cement, aggregate and water ratio was 1: 1.5:0.45. The experimental results had indicated that the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat value slightly higher than control mix due to the addition of steel fibres. For instance, thermal conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat of 600 kg/m3 density control mix were 0.212W/mK, 0.477mm2/s and 545 J/kg◦C respectively. When 0.2% volume fraction of steel fiber was added in the mix of 600 kg/m3 density, the value of thermal conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat were increased to 0.235W/mK, 0.583mm2/s and 578 J/kg◦C correspondingly. This is due to the characteristic of the steel fibre application in which steel fibre is good as heat conductor and excellent in absorbing heat. Therefore there is a potential of utilizing steel fiber in cement based material like LFM for components that needs excellent heat absorption capacity

Awareness of the Installation the Lightning Protection System (LPS) by Using Structural Bonding Method in Malaysia

Structural Bonding Method (SBM) is one type of Lightning Protection System (LPS), design to protect human, structures, contents inside structures, electrical equipment, transmission lines and other from the lightning flash. Besides, SBM is a standard LPS that comply with technical standards or codes of practice or called as conventional Lightning Protection System. In order to know the level of the Awareness of the Installation LPS by using SBM in the building among Civil Engineering Consultants, conducting survey need to be done. This paper presents the Research Design and Research Strategy in conducting the survey. It is explaining about the way before conducting the survey which are determine the population of sample (Consultant Company at Northern Region Area), samples of respondents (Civil Engineer at Consultant Office with the number of sample is 40), data collecting process, structure of the questionnaire form and the way in analysis the data. After the analysis the data, the result of the level of awareness in the Installation of LPS by using SBM are consider as moderate level

Awareness of the Installation the Lightning Protection System (LPS) by Using Structural Bonding Method in Malaysia

Structural Bonding Method (SBM) is one type of Lightning Protection System (LPS), design to protect human, structures, contents inside structures, electrical equipment, transmission lines and other from the lightning flash. Besides, SBM is a standard LPS that comply with technical standards or codes of practice or called as conventional Lightning Protection System. In order to know the level of the Awareness of the Installation LPS by using SBM in the building among Civil Engineering Consultants, conducting survey need to be done. This paper presents the Research Design and Research Strategy in conducting the survey. It is explaining about the way before conducting the survey which are determine the population of sample (Consultant Company at Northern Region Area), samples of respondents (Civil Engineer at Consultant Office with the number of sample is 40), data collecting process, structure of the questionnaire form and the way in analysis the data. After the analysis the data, the result of the level of awareness in the Installation of LPS by using SBM are consider as moderate level

Integration Of Unimap's Student Bus Routing Towards Free City-bus Service Local People In Perlis

Free public transport is mean that the public transport is funded in full by means other than collecting fares from passengers. Free public transport can generate a lot benefits to the local people either directly or indirectly. Although Perlis is the smallest state in Malaysia, but there is some rural area doesn't have a very good public transport service. This had caused problem for the citizen when they want to travel to other places. These problems can be solve by providing a new integrated free public transport service to them. In order to provide a new integrated free public transport service, UniMAP can cooperate with the local government or the local bus service to provide a better and integrated free public transport system. With public transport service, mobility is provided to the residents of rural Perlis. Free public transport services can improve rural economic growth in a various way. The local customer base for a range of services, for example, medical facilities, shopping malls, entertainment, education center services and other services can be increased. When more people tend to use public transport, it will impact on road safety cause fewer vehicles on road. Furthermore when fewer vehicles on road, traffic congestion, and parking congestion problem can be reduced or even being solved. Since the bus commute is something so significant in Perlis road today, this research is to examine the potential of integration existing students bus services extendable to Perlis local people to make advantage of the presence of the bus for their daily activities. It is hoped that this research will propose the optimized route for the bus to operate in systematic structure not only for the student's essential but also beneficial for the local people mainly in Perlis state

Awareness of the Installation the Lightning Protection System (LPS) by Using Structural Bonding Method in Malaysia

Structural Bonding Method (SBM) is one type of Lightning Protection System (LPS), design to protect human, structures, contents inside structures, electrical equipment, transmission lines and other from the lightning flash. Besides, SBM is a standard LPS that comply with technical standards or codes of practice or called as conventional Lightning Protection System. In order to know the level of the Awareness of the Installation LPS by using SBM in the building among Civil Engineering Consultants, conducting survey need to be done. This paper presents the Research Design and Research Strategy in conducting the survey. It is explaining about the way before conducting the survey which are determine the population of sample (Consultant Company at Northern Region Area), samples of respondents (Civil Engineer at Consultant Office with the number of sample is 40), data collecting process, structure of the questionnaire form and the way in analysis the data. After the analysis the data, the result of the level of awareness in the Installation of LPS by using SBM are consider as moderate level